Soil Density Characterization in Management Zones Based on Apparent Soil Electrical Conductivity in Two Field Systems: Rainfeed and Center-Pivot Irrigation

Understanding the spatial variability of factors that influence crop yield is essential to apply site-specific management. The present study aimed evaluate apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) in two fields (A = rainfeed; B central-pivot irrigation), based on delimited management zones (MZs). In each MZ, density (Sd) was characterized at depths, and whether delimitation MZs, ECa, able identify regions field with different Sd assessed. general, MZs highest mean value ECa also presented values Sd. were observed 0.1–0.2 m layer, regardless studied area. Regardless texture, proposed detect in-field differences mapping, differentiate between MZ 1 (1.53 g cm−3) 2 (1.67 A, layer. A statistical difference for Sd, 1, layer m, when comparing fields: (1.64 cm−3). We suggest further studies should be carried out confirm efficiency detecting bulk depths.